Interestingly, the filters were added at a later time, after pressure from, assembling them at the mouths of over chimney. For a long time they were deemed unnecessary, and the time and money spent on the installation. Same filters were made by staff and designers called the "madness Cockcroft," but what is "madness" has prevented the subsequent contamination on an unprecedented scale.
Stacks composed of graphite blocks stacked oktogonalnie, with vertical slots on the control rods, crossed by horizontal channels, which were introduced depleted uranium and lithium to produce under the influence of neutron plutonium and tritium. Fuel and isotopes were administered in front of the reactor, spent fuel was received from the rear and discharged into the canal with water to cool the components pre-trial release of plutonium.
During the construction of the reactor - the stack, little was known about the behavior of graphite treated with neutrons. Hungarian physicist breast actives discovered that under the influence of graphite neutron changes its crystal structure by collecting the energy devoted by the neutrons in the form of potential energy. This energy, called Wigner energy can spontaneously separate in the form of heat experienced the mystery inside the core temperature rises, which were symptoms of which produces the Wigner energy. The British were looking for safe disposal of the secreting of energy. The only known solution was very simple: the process of annealing, in which the graphite core was heated. The crystal structure of graphite increased its volume sufficiently to carbon molecules have started to slip between them, resulting in the release of stored energy in the form of heat, decomposing uniformly over the entire volume of the core.
Annealing process itself secured against excessive core Wigner energy trapped inside the structure of graphite, but the monitoring equipment during annealing of the same reactor and auxiliary elements (eg, cooling) were never built or designed.
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